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Course: 7-ші сынып > Unit 5
Lesson 6: Two-step equation word problemsTwo-step equation word problem: oranges
Learn how to solve a word problem by writing an equation to model the situation. In this video, we use the linear equation 210(t-5) = 41,790. Видео авторы: Сал Хан.
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Видео транскрипті
MacDonald had a farm with a
certain number of orange trees. He had to cut down 5 trees
to control the insects. Each of the remaining
trees produced 210 oranges, producing a total harvest
of 41,790 oranges. How many trees did MacDonald's
farm have initially? Let's let t equal what
they're asking is for. So this is the number
of trees initially. So he starts off with
t trees, but then they tell us that he has to cut down
5 trees to control the insects. So how many trees would
he have after that? Well, he started with t,
and he had to cut down 5, so he's going to have
t minus 5 trees now. Now, they tell us that each of
the remaining trees-- and we know there are t minus 5
remaining trees-- produced 210 oranges. So each of these t
minus 5 trees are going to produce 210 oranges. So this is the number of
oranges that t minus 5 trees are going to produce. This is the number of trees
times the oranges per tree. So this is the total
number of oranges produced after
cutting the 5 trees. And then they tell
us that this ends up being a total harvest of 41,790. So this is equal to 41,790. So we've set up our equation. Now we just have to solve
for t, the number of trees that MacDonald initially had. So the first thing
I would do here is, well, I'm multiplying
this expression by 210. Well, why don't I just divide
both sides of this by 210? There's many ways that
you could do this. You could distribute the 210
and go in another direction. Actually, I will do
it both ways just to show that you
could do it both ways. So the first way, I'm going
to divide both sides by 210. The left-hand side
simplifies to t minus 5. The right-hand side--
let's see, what is 4,000-- I'm going to do
some long division here. I'll do it on the side,
so 41,790 divided by 210. Let's see, 210
does not go into 4. It does not going into 41. It goes into 417 one
time, because two times would be 420-- one time. 1 times 210 is 210. You subtract. You get 207, and then
you bring down the 9. How many times does
210 go into 2,079? It looks like it would go
into it not quite 10 times. It looks like it would
go into it nine times. 9 times 210 is going
to be-- let's see. 9 times 0 is 0. 9 times 1 is 9. 9 times 2 is 18. And then we subtract again. 9 minus 0 is 9. We have to regroup from
the thousands place, so let's take 1,000 from there. Let's give that 1,000
to the hundreds place, so it becomes 10 hundreds. But then we have to take
100 from the hundreds place, so this becomes 9, and
give to the tens place. So this becomes 17 tens, or 170. So 17 minus 9 is 8. 9 minus 8 is 1. So we get 189. And now we can bring
down another 0. It's a little
off-center right now. And we already see that 210 goes
into 1,800 ninety-nine times. 9 times 210 is 1,890. When we subtract, we
have no remainder. So what we get on the
right-hand side is 199. And now we just have
to add 5 to both sides. Remember, whatever we
have to do to one side, we have to do the other. Otherwise, the equality
wouldn't be equal anymore. They were equal before adding
5, so if you want them to still be equal, you have to do the
same thing to both sides. So the left-hand side becomes t. I'll do the t in
that purple color. And the right-hand
side becomes 204. So he started off
with 204 trees. Now, I told you there's
multiple ways to do this. Instead of dividing
both sides by 210, you could have decided
to distribute the 210. And then you would have
ended up with-- let me do another alternate
way of doing it. 210 times t minus 5 times 210. Actually, let me just multiply
it out so we save some space. 5 times 210 is 1,050-- minus
1,050 is equal to 41,790. And then you could add
1,050 to both sides. And so let me do that,
1,050 to both sides. 1,050, not 150. The left-hand side, you're just
going to be left with 210t. While the right-hand
side, let's see, you're going to
be 0 plus 0 is 0. 9 plus 5 is 14. 1 plus 7 is 8-- 42,840. And now you can divide
both sides by 210. Now we know where
this is going to go. I could do the long
division again. t is going to be equal
to 42,840 divided 210, which is equal to 204.